Penicillamine Description

Penicillamine is a biologic of the chelator class. The biologic anatomy is D-penicillamine, as L-penicillamine is baneful (it inhibits the action of pyridoxine). It is an α-amino acid metabolite of penicillin, although it has no antibacterial properties.

Penicillamine is a chelating abettor used in the analysis of Wilson's disease. It is aswell used to abate cystine abolishment in cystinuria and to amusement patients with severe, alive rheumatoid arthritis above to accepted therapy. Penicillamine is used as a anatomy of immunosuppression to amusement rheumatoid arthritis. It works by abbreviation numbers of T-lymphocytes, inhibiting macrophage function, abbreviating IL-1, abbreviating rheumatoid factor, and preventing collagen from cross-linking. Its use in Wilson's disease, a attenuate abiogenetic ataxia of chestnut metabolism, relies on its bounden to accumulated chestnut and abolishment through urine.

Penicillamine is a chelating abettor recommended for the abatement of balance chestnut in patients with Wilson's disease. From in vitro studies which announce that one atom of chestnut combines with two molecules of penicillamine. Penicillamine aswell reduces balance cystine abolishment in cystinuria. This is done, at atomic in part, by disulfide altering amid penicillamine and cystine, consistent in accumulation of penicillamine-cysteine disulfide, a actuality that is abundant added acrid than cystine and is excreted readily. Penicillamine interferes with the accumulation of cross-links amid tropocollagen molecules and cleaves them if anew formed. The apparatus of action of penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis is alien although it appears to abolish ache activity. Clashing cytotoxic immunosuppressants, penicillamine clearly lowers IgM rheumatoid agency but produces no cogent abasement in complete levels of serum immunoglobulins. Aswell clashing cytotoxic immunosuppressants which act on both, penicillamine in vitro depresses T-cell action but not B-cell activity.