Somatostatin pharmacological functions: ① can inhibit growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, insulin and glucagon secretion. ② can be inhibited by the test meal, and five pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion, inhibit pepsin, gastrin release. ③ can significantly reduce splanchnic blood flow, reduce portal pressure, reducing blood flow and pressure of collateral circulation, reduced hepatic blood flow. ④ reduce the external pancreatic secretion and gastric secretion in the small intestine and gallbladder, reducing activity, has a protective effect on pancreatic cells. ⑤ suppress glucagon secretion. ⑥ can affect the gastrointestinal absorption and nutritional functions.
Somatostatin indications: for portal hypertension caused by esophageal variceal bleeding; peptic ulcer, erosive gastritis induced upper gastrointestinal bleeding; prevention and treatment of acute pancreatitis and its complications; pancreas , gall bladder, intestinal fistula adjuvant therapy; other: acromegaly, gastrinoma, insulinoma and vasoactive intestinal peptide tumors.
Consumption usage: ① upper gastrointestinal bleeding, mainly bleeding esophageal varices: Begin infusion 250μg (3 ~ 5 minutes), followed by 250μg / hour intravenous infusion should be administered continuously bleeding after 48 to 72 hours. ② pancreas, gall bladder, intestinal fistula 250μg / h infusion until fistula closure, closure successor with 1 to 3 days. ③ acute pancreatitis: 250μg / hour for 72 to 120 hours; prevention of complications of pancreatic surgery five days of continuous use; pair with ERCP examination shall, within 2 to 3 hours before surgery began the FDA.
Somatostatin adverse reactions: ① small number of patients of vertigo, tinnitus, blush. ② injection of the product faster than 50μg / timeshare, it will produce nausea and vomiting.
Somatostatin's Note: ① banned from this allergy, as well as pregnant and lactating women. ② administration began to decrease blood sugar can cause temporary, for insulin-dependent diabetics should be changed every 3 to 4 hours to check blood sugar again. ③ It can be used to extend the hypnotic effects of pentobarbital cyclohexanone time, exacerbated pentene tetrazole effect, should not be used simultaneously. ④ should be administered alone, the product should not be administered with other drugs combined. ⑤ arterial bleeding is not a somatostatin indications.
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